A Comprehensive Review on Ayurveda and Animal Science: Short Communication

Abstract

Ayurvedic medicine provides valuable knowledge not only for Manav swasthya (human health) but also for the care and treatment of Pashu (animals). A core principle of Ayurveda’s approach to Pashu Vigyana (animal science) is the compassionate and ethical treatment of all living beings. Animals are not only sources of food and therapeutic products, but their body parts and by-products are also used in traditional Ayurvedic remedies. Preclinical research plays a crucial role in biomedical studies, where new drugs, treatments, and toxicity levels are first tested on animals before moving to human trials. While Ayurveda has addressed aspects of use of animals and animal products in therapy, animal care, there is still a lack of systematic work concerning veterinary practices and the use of animals in laboratory research. This manuscript seeks to explore the role and status of animal science within the framework of Ayurveda. Information was gathered from classical Ayurvedic texts and online resources, then organized and presented in a structured manner. Ayurveda emphasizes compassionate treatment for all living organisms. Historically, animal sciences were well-developed in forms such as Go Ayurveda (focused on cows), Ashwa Ayurveda (horses), and Hastya Ayurveda (elephants). Ancient Ayurvedic literature contains detailed insights into animal care, classifications, ethics, health management, therapeutic uses, and the application of animal-derived substances in medicine. To advance laboratory animal research in the Ayurvedic context, greater awareness and scientific rigor are needed. This initiative aims to encourage young researchers to engage with and further develop animal science in Ayurveda.